What is the highest legal carrier frequency on the 20-meter band for transmitting a 2.8 kHz wide USB data signal?

1. A14.0708 MHz
2. B14.1002 MHz
3. C14.1472 MHz
4. D14.3490 MHz

Within what distance must an amateur station protect an FCC monitoring facility from harmful interference?

1. A1 mile
2. B3 miles
3. C10 miles
4. D30 miles

In what portion of the 630-meter band are phone emissions permitted?

1. ANone
2. BOnly the top 3 kHz
3. COnly the bottom 3 kHz
4. DThe entire band

What is the definition of telemetry?

1. AOne-way transmission of measurements at a distance from the measuring instrument
2. BTwo-way transmissions in excess of 1000 feet
3. CTwo-way transmissions of data
4. DOne-way transmission that initiates, modifies, or terminates the functions of a device at a distance

What must the VE team do with the application form if the examinee does not pass the exam?

1. AMaintain the application form with the VEC's records
2. BReturn the application document to the examinee
3. CSend the application form to the FCC and inform the FCC of the grade
4. DDestroy the application form

When may an amateur station send a message to a business?

1. AWhen the pecuniary interest of the amateur or his or her employer is less than $25
2. BWhen the pecuniary interest of the amateur or his or her employer is less than $50
3. CAt no time
4. DWhen neither the amateur nor their employer has a pecuniary interest in the communications

What are Keplerian elements?

1. AParameters that define the orbit of a satellite
2. BPhase reversing elements in a Yagi antenna
3. CHigh-emission heater filaments used in magnetron tubes
4. DEncrypting codes used for spread spectrum modulation

What is vestigial sideband modulation?

1. AAmplitude modulation in which one complete sideband and a portion of the other are transmitted
2. BA type of modulation in which one sideband is inverted
3. CNarrow-band FM modulation achieved by filtering one sideband from the audio before frequency modulating the carrier
4. DSpread spectrum modulation achieved by applying FM modulation following single sideband amplitude modulation

How should you generally identify your station when attempting to contact a DX station during a contest or in a pileup?

1. ASend your full call sign once or twice
2. BSend only the last two letters of your call sign until you make contact
3. CSend your full call sign and grid square
4. DSend the call sign of the DX station three times, the words "this is," then your call sign three times

Which of the following digital modes is designed for EME communications?

1. AMSK144
2. BPACTOR III
3. CWSPR
4. DQ65

What is the length of an FT8 transmission cycle?

1. AIt varies with the amount of data
2. B8 seconds
3. C15 seconds
4. D30 seconds

What characterizes libration fading of an EME signal?

1. AA slow change in the pitch of the CW signal
2. BA fluttery, irregular fading
3. CA gradual loss of signal as the sun rises
4. DThe returning echo is several hertz lower in frequency than the transmitted signal

At what time of year is sporadic-E propagation most likely to occur?

1. AAround the solstices, especially the summer solstice
2. BAround the solstices, especially the winter solstice
3. CAround the equinoxes, especially the spring equinox
4. DAround the equinoxes, especially the fall equinox

Which of the following signal paths is most likely to experience high levels of absorption when the A-index or K-index is elevated?

1. ATransequatorial
2. BThrough the auroral oval
3. CSporadic-E
4. DNVIS

Which of the following test instruments is used to display spurious signals and/or intermodulation distortion products generated by an SSB transmitter?

1. ADifferential resolver
2. BSpectrum analyzer
3. CLogic analyzer
4. DNetwork analyzer

Which S parameter represents input port return loss or reflection coefficient (equivalent to VSWR)?

1. AS11
2. BS12
3. CS21
4. DS22

Which of the following choices is a good reason for selecting a high IF for a superheterodyne HF or VHF communications receiver?

1. AFewer components in the receiver
2. BReduced drift
3. CEasier for front-end circuitry to eliminate image responses
4. DImproved receiver noise figure

What does a third-order intercept level of 40 dBm mean with respect to receiver performance?

1. ASignals less than 40 dBm will not generate audible third-order intermodulation products
2. BThe receiver can tolerate signals up to 40 dB above the noise floor without producing third-order intermodulation products
3. CA pair of 40 dBm input signals will theoretically generate a third-order intermodulation product that has the same output amplitude as either of the input signals
4. DA pair of 1 mW input signals will produce a third-order intermodulation product that is 40 dB stronger than the input signal

What type of electrical interference can be caused by computer network equipment?

1. AA loud AC hum in the audio output of your station's receiver
2. BA clicking noise at intervals of a few seconds
3. CThe appearance of unstable modulated or unmodulated signals at specific frequencies
4. DA whining-type noise that continually pulses off and on

What is the magnitude of the current at the input of a parallel RLC circuit at resonance?

1. AMinimum
2. BMaximum
3. CR/L
4. DL/R

What is the effect on the magnitude of pure reactance when it is converted to susceptance?

1. AIt is unchanged
2. BThe sign is reversed
3. CIt is shifted by 90 degrees
4. DIt is replaced by its reciprocal

What type of Y-axis scale is most often used for graphs of circuit frequency response?

1. ALinear
2. BScatter
3. CRandom
4. DLogarithmic

What parasitic characteristic causes electrolytic capacitors to be unsuitable for use at RF?

1. ASkin effect
2. BShunt capacitance
3. CInductance
4. DDielectric leakage

In Figure E6-1, which is the schematic symbol for an N-channel dual-gate MOSFET?

1. A2
2. B4
3. C5
4. D6

Which of the following is a common use of a Schottky diode?

1. AIn oscillator circuits as the negative resistance element
2. BAs a variable capacitance in an automatic frequency control circuit
3. CIn power supplies as a constant voltage reference
4. DAs a VHF/UHF mixer or detector

In Figure E6-3, which is the schematic symbol for the NOT operation (inversion)?

1. A2
2. B4
3. C5
4. D6

What is the equivalent circuit of a quartz crystal?

1. ASeries RLC in parallel with a shunt C representing electrode and stray capacitance
2. BParallel RLC, where C is the parallel combination of resonance capacitance of the crystal and electrode and stray capacitance
3. CSeries RLC, where C is the parallel combination of resonance capacitance of the crystal and electrode and stray capacitance
4. DParallel RLC, where C is the series combination of resonance capacitance of the crystal and electrode and stray capacitance

Why is gallium arsenide (GaAs) useful for semiconductor devices operating at UHF and higher frequencies?

1. AHigher noise figures
2. BHigher electron mobility
3. CLower junction voltage drop
4. DLower transconductance

Which of these materials is most commonly used to create photoconductive devices?

1. APolyphenol acetate
2. BArgon
3. CCrystalline semiconductor
4. DAll these choices are correct

What is the function of a decade counter?

1. AIt produces one output pulse for every 10 input pulses
2. BIt decodes a decimal number for display on a seven-segment LED display
3. CIt produces 10 output pulses for every input pulse
4. DIt decodes a binary number for display on a seven-segment LED display

What circuit is required at the output of an RF switching amplifier?

1. AA filter to remove harmonic content
2. BA high-pass filter to compensate for low gain at low frequencies
3. CA matched load resistor to prevent damage by switching transients
4. DA temperature compensating load resistor to improve linearity

What are the characteristics of an elliptical filter?

1. AGradual passband rolloff with minimal stop-band ripple
2. BExtremely flat response over its pass band with gradually rounded stop-band corners
3. CExtremely sharp cutoff with one or more notches in the stop band
4. DGradual passband rolloff with extreme stop-band ripple

Why is a switching type power supply less expensive and lighter than an equivalent linear power supply?

1. AThe inverter design does not require an output filter circuit
2. BThe control circuitry uses less current, therefore smaller heat sinks are required
3. CThe high frequency inverter design uses much smaller transformers and filter components for an equivalent power output
4. DIt recovers power from the unused portion of the AC cycle, thus using fewer components

What are the principal frequencies that appear at the output of a mixer?

1. ATwo and four times the input frequency
2. BThe square root of the product of input frequencies
3. CThe two input frequencies along with their sum and difference frequencies
4. D1.414 and 0.707 times the input frequency

What kind of digital signal processing audio filter is used to remove unwanted noise from a received SSB signal?

1. AAn adaptive filter
2. BA crystal-lattice filter
3. CA Hilbert-transform filter
4. DA phase-inverting filter

What will be the output voltage of the circuit shown in Figure E7-3 if R1 is 1,000 ohms, RF is 10,000 ohms, and 0.23 volts DC is applied to the input?

1. A0.23 volts
2. B2.3 volts
3. C-0.23 volts
4. D-2.3 volts

How can an oscillator's microphonic responses be reduced?

1. AUse NP0 capacitors
2. BReduce noise on the oscillator's power supply
3. CIncrease the gain
4. DMechanically isolate the oscillator circuitry from its enclosure

Which of the following is a measure of the quality of an analog-to-digital converter?

1. ATotal harmonic distortion
2. BPeak envelope power
3. CReciprocal mixing
4. DPower factor

What is deviation ratio?

1. AThe ratio of the audio modulating frequency to the center carrier frequency
2. BThe ratio of the maximum carrier frequency deviation to the highest audio modulating frequency
3. CThe ratio of the carrier center frequency to the audio modulating frequency
4. DThe ratio of the highest audio modulating frequency to the average audio modulating frequency

What is described by the constellation diagram of a QAM or QPSK signal?

1. AHow many carriers may be present at the same time
2. BThe possible phase and amplitude states for each symbol
3. CFrequency response of the signal stream
4. DThe number of bits used for error correction in the protocol

What spread spectrum communications technique uses a high-speed binary bit stream to shift the phase of an RF carrier?

1. AFrequency hopping
2. BDirect sequence
3. CBinary phase-shift keying
4. DPhase compandored spread spectrum

What is antenna efficiency?

1. ARadiation resistance divided by transmission resistance
2. BRadiation resistance divided by total resistance
3. CTotal resistance divided by radiation resistance
4. DEffective radiated power divided by transmitter output

What is the principle of a Method of Moments analysis?

1. AA wire is modeled as a series of segments, each having a uniform value of current
2. BA wire is modeled as a single sine-wave current generator
3. CA wire is modeled as a single sine-wave voltage source
4. DA wire is modeled as a series of segments, each having a distinct value of voltage across it

What happens to the radiation pattern of an unterminated long wire antenna as the wire length is increased?

1. AFewer lobes form with the major lobes increasing closer to broadside to the wire
2. BAdditional lobes form with major lobes increasingly aligned with the axis of the antenna
3. CThe elevation angle increases, and the front-to-rear ratio decreases
4. DThe elevation angle increases, while the front-to-rear ratio is unaffected

What is an advantage of top loading an electrically short HF vertical antenna?

1. ALower Q
2. BGreater structural strength
3. CHigher losses
4. DImproved radiation efficiency

What antenna matching system matches coaxial cable to an antenna by connecting the shield to the center of the antenna and the conductor a fraction of a wavelength to one side?

1. AGamma match
2. BDelta match
3. CT-match
4. DStub match

How does parallel conductor transmission line compare to coaxial cable with a plastic dielectric?

1. ALower loss
2. BHigher SWR
3. CSmaller reflection coefficient
4. DLower velocity factor

Which of the following can be calculated using a Smith chart?

1. AImpedance along transmission lines
2. BRadiation resistance
3. CAntenna radiation pattern
4. DRadio propagation

Which is generally true for 160- and 80-meter receiving antennas?

1. AAtmospheric noise is so high that directivity is much more important than losses
2. BThey must be erected at least 1/2 wavelength above the ground to attain good directivity
3. CLow loss coax transmission line is essential for good performance
4. DAll these choices are correct

What does SAR measure?

1. ASignal attenuation ratio
2. BSignal amplification rating
3. CThe rate at which RF energy is absorbed by the body
4. DThe rate of RF energy reflected from stationary terrain