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E9D02

ANTENNAS AND TRANSMISSION LINES · Yagi antennas; parabolic reflectors; feed point impedance and loading of electrically short antennas; antenna Q; RF grounding

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How can two linearly polarized Yagi antennas be used to produce circular polarization?

  1. AStack two Yagis to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes fed 90 degrees out of phase
  2. BStack two Yagis to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes fed in phase
  3. CArrange two Yagis on the same axis and perpendicular to each other with the driven elements at the same point on the boom and fed 90 degrees out of phase
  4. DArrange two Yagis collinear to each other with the driven elements fed 180 degrees out of phase
Why Circular polarization is just two linear waves at right angles to each other whose fields are 90 degrees out of time phase, so the resultant field vector rotates one full turn each RF cycle. To build that with Yagis you mount two identical arrays on the same boom axis with one set of elements horizontal and the other vertical, driven elements at the same boom position, and feed them in quadrature (commonly by adding an extra quarter wavelength of line to one). Which one leads by 90 degrees determines whether the result is right-hand or left-hand circular, and this crossed-Yagi arrangement is standard for satellite work because it tolerates spacecraft spin and Faraday rotation.
Watch out Stacking two Yagis in parallel planes keeps both sets of elements in the same polarization, so phasing them only steers or shapes the pattern (in phase gives stacking gain, 90 degrees gives a beam tilt); you never get rotation without spatial perpendicularity.
Circular = crossed plus quarter: elements 90 degrees apart in space, feed 90 degrees apart in phase.
HamSandwich explanation, first draft. The question and answers are the NCVEC text.
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The rest of E9D

  1. E9D01 How much does the gain of an ideal parabolic reflector antenna increase when the operating frequency is doubl…
  2. E9D02 How can two linearly polarized Yagi antennas be used to produce circular polarization?
  3. E9D03 What is the most efficient location for a loading coil on an electrically short whip?
  4. E9D04 Why should antenna loading coils have a high ratio of reactance to resistance?
  5. E9D05 Approximately how long is a Yagi's driven element?
  6. E9D06 What happens to SWR bandwidth when one or more loading coils are used to resonate an electrically short anten…
  7. E9D07 What is an advantage of top loading an electrically short HF vertical antenna?
  8. E9D08 What happens as the Q of an antenna increases?
  9. E9D09 What is the function of a loading coil in an electrically short antenna?
  10. E9D10 How does radiation resistance of a base-fed whip antenna change below its resonant frequency?
  11. E9D11 Why do most two-element Yagis with normal spacing have a reflector instead of a director?
  12. E9D12 What is the purpose of making a Yagi's parasitic elements either longer or shorter than resonance?
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