Where is transequatorial propagation (TEP) most likely to occur?

1. A Between points separated by 2,000 miles to 3,000 miles over a path perpendicular to the geomagnetic equator
2. B Between points located 1,500 miles to 2,000 miles apart on the geomagnetic equator
3. C Between points located at each other's antipode
4. D Through the region where the terminator crosses the geographic equator

What is the approximate maximum range for signals using transequatorial propagation?

1. A 1,000 miles
2. B 2,500 miles
3. C 5,000 miles
4. D 7,500 miles

At what time of day is transequatorial propagation most likely to occur?

1. A Morning
2. B Noon
3. C Afternoon or early evening
4. D Late at night

What are "extraordinary" and "ordinary" waves?

1. A Extraordinary waves exhibit rare long-skip propagation, compared to ordinary waves, which travel shorter distances
2. B Independently propagating, elliptically polarized waves created in the ionosphere
3. C Long-path and short-path waves
4. D Refracted rays and reflected waves

Which of the following paths is most likely to support long-distance propagation on 160 meters?

1. A A path entirely in sunlight
2. B Paths at high latitudes
3. C A direct north-south path
4. D A path entirely in darkness

On which of the following amateur bands is long-path propagation most frequent?

1. A 160 meters and 80 meters
2. B 40 meters and 20 meters
3. C 10 meters and 6 meters
4. D 6 meters and 2 meters

What effect does lowering a signal's transmitted elevation angle have on ionospheric HF skip propagation?

1. A Faraday rotation becomes stronger
2. B The MUF decreases
3. C The distance covered by each hop increases
4. D The critical frequency increases

How does the maximum range of ground-wave propagation change when the signal frequency is increased?

1. A It stays the same
2. B It increases
3. C It decreases
4. D It peaks at roughly 8 MHz

At what time of year is sporadic-E propagation most likely to occur?

1. A Around the solstices, especially the summer solstice
2. B Around the solstices, especially the winter solstice
3. C Around the equinoxes, especially the spring equinox
4. D Around the equinoxes, especially the fall equinox

What is the effect of chordal-hop propagation?

1. A The signal experiences less loss compared to multi-hop propagation, which uses Earth as a reflector
2. B The MUF for chordal-hop propagation is much lower than for normal skip propagation
3. C Atmospheric noise is reduced in the direction of chordal-hop propagation
4. D Signals travel faster along ionospheric chords

At what time of day is sporadic-E propagation most likely to occur?

1. A Between midnight and sunrise
2. B Between sunset and midnight
3. C Between sunset and sunrise
4. D Between sunrise and sunset

What is chordal-hop propagation?

1. A Propagation away from the great circle bearing between stations
2. B Successive ionospheric refractions without an intermediate reflection from the ground
3. C Propagation across the geomagnetic equator
4. D Signals reflected back toward the transmitting station

What type of polarization is supported by ground-wave propagation?

1. A Vertical
2. B Horizontal
3. C Circular
4. D Elliptical