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T0A09

SAFETY · Power circuits and hazards: hazardous voltages, fuses and circuit breakers, grounding, electrical code compliance; Lightning protection; Battery safety

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What should be done to all external ground rods or earth connections?

  1. AWaterproof them with silicone caulk or electrical tape
  2. BKeep them as far apart as possible
  3. CBond them together with heavy wire or conductive strap
  4. DTune them for resonance on the lowest frequency of operation
Why The National Electrical Code requires all grounding electrodes at a building, the AC service ground rod, the telephone and cable entry grounds, and any tower or antenna ground rods, to be bonded together into one grounding electrode system. If they are left separate, a lightning strike or fault can raise one rod to thousands of volts above another, and the difference appears across your equipment and its cables. Bonding with heavy wire or wide copper strap keeps everything at the same potential so surge current flows to earth instead of through your radios or through you.
Watch out Keeping the rods far apart is exactly backwards: separated, unbonded electrodes create the voltage difference that damages gear. Ground rods are not tuned or resonant, and sealing them from soil moisture would only degrade the earth connection.
One station, one ground: bond every rod together. Separate grounds means dangerous voltage differences.
HamSandwich explanation, first draft. The question and answers are the NCVEC text.
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The rest of T0A

  1. T0A01 Which of the following is a safety hazard of a 12-volt storage battery that lacks internal protection circuit…
  2. T0A02 What health hazard is posed by electrical current flowing through the body?
  3. T0A03 In the United States, what circuit does black wire insulation indicate in a three-wire 120 V AC cable?
  4. T0A04 What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
  5. T0A05 Why should a 5-ampere fuse never be replaced with a 20-ampere fuse?
  6. T0A06 What is a good way to guard against electrical shock at your station?
  7. T0A07 Where should a lightning arrester be installed in a coaxial feed line?
  8. T0A08 Where should a fuse or circuit breaker be installed in a 120V AC power circuit?
  9. T0A09 What should be done to all external ground rods or earth connections?
  10. T0A10 What hazard exists when rapidly charging or discharging an unprotected battery?
  11. T0A11 What hazard exists in a power supply immediately after turning it off?
  12. T0A12 Which of the following precautions should be taken when measuring high voltages with a voltmeter?
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