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G2E09

OPERATING PROCEDURES · - Digital mode operating procedures

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How do you join a contact between two stations using the PACTOR protocol?

  1. ASend broadcast packets containing your call sign while in MONITOR mode
  2. BTransmit a steady carrier until the PACTOR protocol times out and disconnects
  3. CJoining an existing contact is not possible, PACTOR connections are limited to two stations
  4. DSend a NAK code
Why PACTOR is an ARQ (automatic repeat request) mode: the two stations establish a handshaked link in which the receiving station acknowledges each data frame and the sender repeats anything that arrives corrupted. That handshake is addressed between exactly two call signs, so there is no mechanism for a third station to be added to the link. Others can listen in monitor mode, but they cannot join the QSO; they must wait until the link is cleared and then call.
Watch out Sending a NAK, or any transmission on the frequency, only corrupts the linked pair's frames and forces retries; NAK is part of the internal ARQ handshake, not a way to break in. A steady carrier is deliberate interference and does not create a connection for you.
PACTOR is a handshake, not a roundtable: two stations only. Monitor if you like, but you cannot join.
HamSandwich explanation, first draft. The question and answers are the NCVEC text.
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The rest of G2E

  1. G2E01 Which mode is normally used when sending RTTY signals via AFSK with an SSB transmitter?
  2. G2E02 What is VARA?
  3. G2E03 What symptoms may result from other signals interfering with a PACTOR or VARA transmission?
  4. G2E04 Which of the following is good practice when choosing a transmitting frequency to answer a station calling CQ…
  5. G2E05 What is the standard sideband for JT65, JT9, FT4, or FT8 digital signal when using AFSK?
  6. G2E06 What is the most common frequency shift for RTTY emissions in the amateur HF bands?
  7. G2E07 Which of the following is required when using FT8?
  8. G2E08 In what segment of the 20-meter band are most digital mode operations commonly found?
  9. G2E09 How do you join a contact between two stations using the PACTOR protocol?
  10. G2E10 Which of the following is a way to establish contact with a digital messaging system gateway station?
  11. G2E11 What is the primary purpose of an Amateur Radio Emergency Data Network (AREDN) mesh network?
  12. G2E12 Which of the following describes Winlink?
  13. G2E13 What is another name for a Winlink Remote Message Server?
  14. G2E14 What could be wrong if you cannot decode an RTTY or other FSK signal even though it is apparently tuned in pr…
  15. G2E15 Which of the following is a common location for FT8?
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